The Ram (formerly the Dodge Ram) is a full-size pickup truck manufactured by Chrysler Group LLC. As of 2010, it has been sold under the Ram Trucks brand. Previously, Ram was part of the Dodge lineup of light trucks. The name Ram was first used in 1981 on the redesigned Ram and Power Ram following the retiring and rebadging of the Dodge D Series pickup trucks as well as B-series vans. The truck is named for the Ram hood ornament that first appeared on Dodge vehicles in 1933. The Ram Truck is in its fourth generation as of the 2009 model year.
Ram trucks have been named Motor Trend magazine's Truck of the Year five times; the second-generation Ram won the award in 1994, the third-generation Ram Heavy Duty won the award in 2003, the fourth-generation Ram Heavy Duty won in 2010 and the current Ram 1500 won in 2013 and 2014. The Ram is currently built at the Saltillo Truck Assembly in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico and at the Warren Truck Assembly in Warren, Michigan, United States.
As of 2013, the Ram truck Series are available in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Brazil (Ram 1500 only), and the Middle East (Ram 1500 only) in LHD only.
| Ram 3500 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Chrysler |
| Production | 1981–present |
| Assembly | Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico (Saltillo Truck Assembly) Warren, Michigan, United States (Warren Truck Assembly) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Full-size pickup truck |
| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Dodge D Series |
1981–1993 (D/W)[edit]
| First generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Production | 1981–1993 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door 2-door extended cab 4-door crew cab Dually |
| Platform | Chrysler AD platform |
| Related | Dodge Ramcharger |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 225 cu in (3.69 L) Slant-6 I6 239 cu in (3.92 L) LA V6 318 cu in (5.21 L) LA V8 360 cu in (5.9 L) LA V8 5.9 L (360 cu in) Cummins diesel I6 |
| Transmission | 3- or 4-speed Torqueflite automatic 4- or 5-speed manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2-door short bed: 115 in (2,921 mm) 2-door long bed: 131 in (3,327 mm) 2-door extended cab long bed: 149 in (3,785 mm) 4-door long bed: 165 in (4,191 mm)[1] |
| Length | 190.8 in (4,846 mm) 210.8 in (5,354 mm) |
| Width | 79.5 in (2,019 mm) |
| Height | 76 in (1,930 mm) 73 in (1,854 mm) |
The first-generation Ram trucks & vans introduced in 1981 were named for the Ram hood ornament that first appeared on Dodge vehicles in 1933.[1] Dodge kept the previous generation's model designations: "D", "B" or Ram indicated two-wheel drive while the "W" or Power Ram indicated four-wheel drive. Just like Ford, Dodge used 150 to indicate a half-ton truck, 250 for a three-quarter-ton, and 350 for one-tons. Standard cab, "Club" extended cab, and crew cab versions were offered along with 6.5 ft (2.0 m) and 8 ft (2.4 m) bed lengths and "Utiline" and "Sweptline" styled boxes. Externally, the first-generation Rams were facelifted versions of the previous generation Dodge D-Series pickups introduced in 1972. The new model introduced larger wraparound tail lamps, single rectangular headlamps, and squared-off body lines. Variously configured Slant-6 and V8 gasoline engines were available. The interior was updated and included a newer style bench seat, and a completely new dashboard and instrument cluster, with a three pod design - a speedometer in the center, with the two side pods containing an ammeter on the top left, a temperature gauge bottom left, a fuel gauge on the top right and an oil pressure gauge bottom right. Models not having a full gauge package had only indicator lights in the place of the temperature and oil pressure gauges. Among the options offered on the Ram were front bumper guards, a sliding rear cab window, power door locks and windows, and a plowing package for the 4-wheel-drive version (referred to as the Sno Commander).
The Club Cab was dropped from the lineup after 1982, but Dodge kept the tooling and re-introduced the Club Cab a decade later in the 1991 models. The four door crew cab was dropped after the 1985 model year, and was never re-introduced.
Base D100 models were added for 1984, replacing the previous "Miser" trim level available on the D150. A "Ram-Trac" shift-on-the-fly transfer case was added for the 1985's Power Rams, and both the crew cab and Utiline flared bed were dropped for 1986. Also for 1986 was the first year for a new crossbar grille and slight front end styling changes. Engines were updated for the 1988 model year. The Slant-6 was supplanted by a 3.9 L (240 cu in) fuel-injected V6 with 25% more power. The 5.2 L (318 cu in) engine also received electronic fuel injection in 1988. Because of a new computer controlled fuel injection, ignition and ABS system, more vehicle information needed to be displayed through any warning or notification lights; so inside the cab where a small compartment was once located on the dash, a new "message center" with four small rectangular light spots, contained the check engine light and other tell-tales including one for the parking brake and the ABS if the truck was so equipped. The message center later contained wait to start and water in fuel lights on diesel models. Diagnostic fault codes were stored in the computer's memory, and cycling the ignition key three times would allow the computer to flash the trouble codes through the check-engine light for diagnosis of some problems.[2]
The Ram 100 model designation was dropped and these models folded back into the "150" range for 1990 due to the introduction and sales success of the Dodge Dakota pickup. Additionally, the instrument cluster was slightly revised; the ammeter was replaced by avoltmeter while maintaining the 3-pod arrangement of the speedometer and gauges.
These trucks, though popular with fleets, sold poorly compared to the Ford F-Series and the General Motors C/K Trucks, with just under 100,000 units sold most years of their production. Part of this was due to the dated cab and chassis design which had been in production since 1972. Additionally, the interior had been given few updates since 1981.
Engines & transmissions[edit]
For 1989, the 5.9 L V8 also received throttle body fuel injection for a 20 hp (15 kW) gain. Rear ABS also became standard equipment. Additionally, Dodge introduced a new overdrive automatic transmission for reduced fuel consumption. This light-duty transmission was designated the A500, and was offered with the 3.9 L V6 and 5.2 L V8. An "O/D Off" pushbutton switch to lock out the overdrive 4th gear was added to the message center. The A727 automatic saw continued use for heavy duty applications.
The grille was redesigned for 1991 but kept the large rectangular headlamps and crossbar appearance. The engines were substantiallyupgraded for 1992 (3.9L and 5.2L) and 1993 (5.9) with multi-port fuel injection, new manifolds and higher compression cylinder heads for noticeably higher output. These newly revised engines were marketed under the "Magnum" name. A heavy-duty overdrive Torquefliteautomatic transmission called the A518 was offered with the 5.2 L and 5.9 L engines. As part of Chrysler's overhaul of corporate transmission nomenclature, the A500 and A518 were redesignated 42RH and 46RH, respectively, in 1992. The initial "4" signified a 4-speed transmission, the second digit identified the transmission's relative torque capacity, the letter "R" in the third position denoted a rear-wheel drive transmission, and the final letter "H" signified hydraulic shift control. The 3-speed automatic remained available; the A727 was redesignated 36RH, and the A904, A998, and A999 became the 30RH, 31RH, and 32RH. During this time, Dodge reintroduced the Club Cab, which was equipped with fold-out jump seats. Entry was made through the passenger or drivers doors as there were no rear doors for this configuration.
5.9 Cummins[edit]
A Cummins B Series engine was also added to the engine lineup and for the first time, Dodge saw sales go up. The Cummins could be coupled with a heavier-duty version of the A727 automatic or a 5-speed manual transmission and was available on 250 and 350 pickups and chassis cabs. This diesel engine option was drastically different from Ford and GM diesel engines optioned at the time. The Cummins featured direct injection, where the Ford and GM diesels featured Indirect injection; this also meant the Cummins didn't have to rely on glowplugs. The Cummins was a straight-six engine where the GM and Ford diesel engines were V8 engines. As well, the Cummins was turbocharged, while the 6.2L GM/DDC and 7.3 IDI Ford/IH were naturally aspirated.[3] This was not the first engine to appear in Dodges as a Diesel option. Mid-1970s D models offered the rare, underpowered, Mitsubishi non-turbo diesel.
Engines[edit]
| Years | Engine | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1981–1987 | 225 cu in (3.69 L) Slant-6 I6 | 95 hp (71 kW)[1] | 170 lb·ft (230 N·m)[1] |
| 1988–1991 | 239 cu in (3.92 L) LA V6 | 125 hp (93 kW)[1] | |
| 1992–1993 | 239 cu in (3.92 L) Magnum V6 | 180 hp (130 kW)[1] | |
| 1981–1987 | 318 cu in (5.21 L) LA V8 | 140 hp (100 kW)[1] | 240 lb·ft (330 N·m)[1] |
| 1988–1991 | 318 cu in (5.21 L) LA V8 | 170 hp (130 kW)[1] | 260 lb·ft (350 N·m)[1] |
| 1992–1993 | 318 cu in (5.21 L) Magnum V8 | 230 hp (170 kW)[1] | 280 lb·ft (380 N·m)[1] |
| 1981–1988 | 360 cu in (5.9 L) LA V8 | 175 hp (130 kW)[1] | 260 lb·ft (350 N·m)[1] |
| 1989–1992 | 360 cu in (5.9 L) LA V8 | 190 hp (140 kW)[1] | |
| 1993 | 360 cu in (5.9 L) Magnum V8 | 230 hp (170 kW)[1] | 325 lb·ft (441 N·m)[1] |
| 1989–1993 | 359 cu in (5.88 L) Cummins diesel I6 | 160 hp (120 kW)[1] | 400 lb·ft (540 N·m)[1] |
1994–2002 (BR/BE)[edit]
| Second generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Production | July 21, 1993–2001 (Ram 1500) 1993–2002 (Ram 2500 and 3500) |
| Designer | Phillip E. Payne (1989) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door regular cab 2-door extended cab 4-door extended cab Dually |
| Platform | Chrysler BR/BE platform |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 3.9 L Magnum V6 5.2 L Magnum V8 5.9 L Magnum V8 5.9 L Cummins Turbo-diesel I6 8.0 L Magnum V10 |
| Transmission | 4-speed 42RH-RE automatic 4-speed 46RH-RE automatic 4-speed 47RH-RE automatic 5-speed NV3500 manual 5-speed NV4500 manual 6-speed NV5600 manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 118.7 in (3,015 mm) (2-door, short bed)[1] 134.7 in (3,421 mm) (2-door, long bed)[1] 154.7 in (3,929 mm) |
| Length | 204.1 in (5,184 mm) 224.1 in (5,692 mm) 244.1 in (6,200 mm) |
| Width | 79.4 in (2,017 mm) 93.5 in (2,375 mm) (Towing mirrors) |
| Height | 77.1 in (1,958 mm) |
The Ram line was redesigned for the 1994 model year. The exterior styling was the result of design concepts by chief designer Phillip E. Payne during 1988-1990, plus extensive customer research that revealed that full-sized pickup buyers were enamored of a strong exterior design that suggested the "look of a big rig truck".[4]Dodge Truck Product Planners recognized that while some customers would not identify with the unique design, it would mandate instant recognition for the new Dodge full-sized pickup. It featured a big rig-looking front end and a large grille and was nothing like the current Ford or Chevy/GMC pickup in design. Development began in 1986, ending in late 1992, despite being originally scheduled for a 1991 production start.[5]
The redesigned 1994 Ram was a sales success, with sales rocketing from 100,000 units in 1993 to 240,000 in 1994, 280,000 in 1995, and nearly 400,000 in 1996. That year, it was prominently featured as the hero vehicle in the film Twister. Sales of this generation peaked at just over 400,000 in 1999 before declining against the redesigned Ford and GM trucks. By 2001, Ram sales figures were below those of Ford and Chevy trucks.
Engine offerings continued over from the first-generation Ram and were the 3.9 L V6, 5.2 L V8, 5.9 L V8, and 5.9 L I6 Cummins Turbo diesel. Added to the line up was a new 488 cubic inch 8.0L V10 engine designed as an alternative for those who wanted superior pulling power but didn't want a diesel. The new V10 and Cummins Turbo diesel could only be had in the 2500 and higher designation models. Models were now the 1500 half-ton, 2500 three-quarter-ton, and 3500 dual-rear-wheel one-ton in both 2- and 4-wheel drive. 1500 Rams offered both 6- and 8-foot (1.8 x 2.4 m) boxes. 2500 Rams offered 6-foot (1.8 m) boxes only with quad cabs. 3500 Rams were only made with 8-foot (2.4 m) boxes.
Dodge offered the 2500 series in two different gross-vehicle weight ratings for the first few years, but this was later dropped. The purpose of the light duty and heavy duty 2500 trucks was for the heavy duty 2500 to take the place of the discontinued one-ton single-rear-wheel trucks. Rear axles for the light duty 2500 trucks wereSemi-floating, while the heavy duty 2500 trucks were Full-floating.
On the inside, special attention was paid to in-cab storage features, with a large glovebox, a center armrest storage area, and extra storage space behind the seat. The dash and gauge cluster were a far cry from the previous model Ram and was far more modern as well. A redesign of the dashboard and instrument cluster was introduced in 1998 along with the introduction of the quad cab, and rounded black plastic side-view mirrors replaced the previous rectangular design.
1997/1998 updates[edit]
In 1998, Dodge introduced the "Quad Cab", which used smaller suicide doors in the back for a door opening. This was offered as an option on the "Club Cab" for the model year. Other changes for 1998 included rounded mirrors replacing the classic square ones, a revised interior, dual airbags, a chime replacing the buzzer for seat belts/door ajar/headlights/ and a digital odometer. The OBD II System was also standard, with a computer port near the driver's-side footwell and a code-checking system via the new digital odometer readout.
In 1999 Dodge introduced a revised front end for the Sport models with a restyled bumper, quad-beam clear-lens headlamps, and body-color grille. A 6 speed manual transmission was optioned for the diesel trucks in 2001.
The 2000 models began optioning heated leather seats. The braking system was upgraded with 2 piston calipers in the front. An Offroad Edition was offered as a package with a 2 inch lift accomplished with stiffer front springs and rear lift blocks, unique 17x8 rims, 275/70/17 all terrain tires, 4.10 gears, trussed Dana 44 in the front, limited slip differential, and skid plates. Offroad Edition models are also distinguishable with an additional decal on the tailgate under the 4x4 decal that says "Offroad."
Although Dodge introduced a new Ram 1500 for 2002, the old second generation style Ram was carried over for the 2002 model year heavy-duty 2500 and 3500 trucks. The new third generation Ram would not appear in the 2500/3500 variants until 2002 as 2003 models. Part of this delay was due to the then new 5.7 L Hemi engine not being ready for production.
Drive-train[edit]
Transmissions[edit]
Transmissions for the Ram
- A500/42RH-RE lower geared light duty applications found behind the 3.9 L V6,
- A518/46RH-RE for more heavy duty applications found behind the 5.2 L and 5.9 L V8 engines.
- A618/47RH-RE for heavy duty use behind the V10 gasoline and Cummins diesel engines. The 47RH was used in 1994 and 1995 model years, while the 47RE was used from 1996 through 2002.
NV3500 was offered in 1500 Rams and light duty 2500 Rams. NV4500 was standard in 2500 and 3500 trucks The NV4500HD for V10 and diesel models(except the uncommon, light duty 2500 rams). A NV5600 was offered in 1999 and 2000 Rams and was the only transmission offered behind the High Output diesel in 2001 and 2002.
Transfer cases[edit]
There were a total of 5 transfer cases for the four-wheel-drive Ram. All were part-time and had a low range of 2.72:1. The 1500 featured a NP231 and NP231HD. The NP241 was standard on V8 2500 Rams. The 2500 and 3500 V10 and Diesel featured a NP241DLD from 1994 to 1997. In 1997 the NP241DHD became an option for 2500 Rams and was standard on 3500 Rams from 1998 to 2002.
Axles[edit]
The Dodge Ram featured a wide variety of axles. For the front axle of 4x4 Rams, a Dana 44 was used on all 1500 Rams and some, early, light duty 2500 Rams. However, most of the 2500 and all 3500 Rams used Dana 60 front axles. The 1500 Rams and some early light duty 2500 Rams used a 9.25 Chrysler ( Spicer )axle in the rear. A Dana 60 rear axle was used on heavy duty 2500 V8 Rams. ADana 70 rear axle was used in 2500 Rams with a V10 or a Diesel/Automatic transmission combination. A Dana 80 rear axle was used on 2500 Rams with a manual transmission and V10/diesel engine combination. Every 3500 Ram was made with a Dana 80. The front drive axles in these Rams were unique in the fact they didn't feature Locking hubs, but featured a Center axle disconnect. The 2002 2500 and 3500 Rams saw the eventual phase out of the Center axle disconnect, in favor of front axles that were permanently locked in. Dodge continued to feature front axles like this for their 2500, 3500, 4500, and 5500 trucks until 2013 models.
Engines[edit]
A natural gas engine debuted for 1995 but was not popular and was only used in fleet vehicles on a very limited production run. TheCummins B Series engine was switched from the 12-Valve to the 24-Valve (ISB) in the middle of the 1998 model year Dodge Rams due to emissions regulations. The ISB featured a new computer-controlled injection pump, 24-valve head design and an electric fuel transfer pump.
| Years | Engine | Power | Torque | 8th VIN |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994–2001 | 3.9 L (239 cu in) Magnum V6 | 175 hp (130 kW)[1] | X | |
| 1994–2001 | 5.2 L (318 cu in) Magnum V8 | 220 hp (160 kW)[1] | 295 lb·ft (400 N·m)[1] | Y |
| 1995–1997 | 5.2 L (318 cu in) Natural Gas V8 | 200 hp (150 kW)[1] | 430 lb·ft (580 N·m)[1] | |
| 1994–1997 | 5.9 L (360 cu in) Magnum V8 | 230 hp (170 kW)[1] | 325 lb·ft (441 N·m)[1] | Z (5 for the heavy-duty version) |
| 1998–2002 | 5.9 L (360 cu in) Magnum V8 | 245 hp (183 kW)[1] | 335 lb·ft (454 N·m)[1] | Z (5 for the heavy-duty version) |
| 1994–2002 | 8.0 L (488 cu in)[6] Magnum V10 engine | 300 hp (220 kW) [1] | 450 lb·ft (610 N·m)[1] | W |
| 1994–1995 | 5,883 cc (5.883 L; 359.0 cu in)[7]Cummins 12-valve Diesel I6 | 175 hp (130 kW) (manual), 160 hp (120 kW) (auto)[1] | 420 lb·ft (570 N·m) (manual), 400 lb·ft (540 N·m) (auto)[1] | C |
| 1996–1998 | 5,883 cc (5.883 L; 359.0 cu in)[7]Cummins 12-valve Diesel I6 | 215 hp (160 kW) (manual), 180 hp (130 kW) (auto)[1] | 440 lb·ft (600 N·m) (manual), 420 lb·ft (570 N·m) (auto) [1] | D |
| 1998–2000 | 5,883 cc (5.883 L; 359.0 cu in)[7]Cummins ISB 24-valve Diesel I6 | 235 hp (175 kW) (manual), 215 hp (160 kW) (auto)[1] | 460 lb·ft (620 N·m) (manual), 420 lb·ft (570 N·m) (auto)[1] | 6 |
| 2001–2002 | 5,883 cc (5.883 L; 359.0 cu in)[7]Cummins ISB 24-valve Diesel I6 | 235 hp (175 kW) (5-speed manual or automatic)[1] | 460 lb·ft (620 N·m) (5-speed manual or automatic),[1] | 6 |
| 2001–2002 | 5,883 cc (5.883 L; 359.0 cu in)[7]Cummins ISB 24-valve Diesel I6 | 245 hp (183 kW) (High Output)[1] | 505 lb·ft (685 N·m) (High Output)[1] | C or 7 |
2002–2008 (DR/DH/D1/DC/DM)[edit]
| Third generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Production | 2001–2008 (1500) 2002–2009 (2500 & 3500) |
| Designer | Cliff Wilkins (1998) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door Regular cab 4-door Quad cab 4-door Mega Cab Dually |
| Platform | Chrysler DR/DH/D1/DC/DM platform |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 3.7 L PowerTech V6 4.7 L PowerTech V8 5.7 L Hemi V8 5.9 L Magnum V8 5.9 L Cummins diesel I6 6.7 L Cummins diesel I6 8.0 L Magnum V10 8.3 L Viper V10 |
| Transmission | 4-speed 45RFE automatic 5-speed 545RFE automatic 6-speed 68RFE automatic 6-speed AS68RC 6-speed NV5600 manual 5-speed NV3500 manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 204.3 in (5,189 mm) 192.3 in (4,884 mm) 188.3 in (4,783 mm) 168.3 in (4,275 mm) 144.3 in (3,665 mm) 164.3 in (4,173 mm) 120.5 in (3,061 mm) 140.5 in (3,569 mm) 160.5 in (4,077 mm) |
| Length | 295.1 in (7,496 mm) 283.1 in (7,191 mm) 279.1 in (7,089 mm) 259.1 in (6,581 mm) 255.1 in (6,480 mm) 235.1 in (5,972 mm) 207.7 in (5,276 mm) 229.7 in (5,834 mm) 249.7 in (6,342 mm) |
| Width | 79.5 in (2,019 mm) 96 in (2,438 mm) (Towing mirrors) |
| Height | 75.7-80.8 in (1923–2052 mm) |
The third-generation Ram debuted for 2002 model year on 1500 models and 2003 on 2500 and 3500 models. This was a major update including an all new frame, suspension, powertrains, interiors, and sheet metal. It included a larger grille, and special models kept interest up as most competitors had adopted the Ram's separate-fender look. The crew cab models for this generation were actually Quad Cab trucks that had conventional-opening rear doors. The four-wheel-drive light trucks (1500 series) lost their live axles in favor of an independent front suspension, but the 2500 and 3500 series retained the live axles for maximum longevity and durability. This body style drew heavily from the previous generation.
The redesigned trucks bolstered sales, with 400,000 sold during 2001-2002 and nearly 450,000 sold during 2002-2003, a new high point for the Ram name. At the same time, both Ford and GM trucks were increasing in sales from a 2001 peak over 850,000 to the 900,000 range. But the Ram's sales could not keep up with the eleventh-generation F-150 and the new Nissan Titan in 2003-2004 and 2004-2005, with 400,543 Rams sold that year. The primary reason was that Dodge did not manufacture a true crew cab to compete with Ford and other manufacturers.
2006 Facelift[edit]
The Dodge Ram was updated for the 2006 model year. One notable addition was the "Mega Cab", featuring a 6.25-foot (2 m) cargo box and 22 inches (560 mm) of extra cab space, allowing seating for six with rear recliners. Also, a full screen mapping in-dash navigation system became an option. The headlamps have been redesigned for better performance.
For 2006, the steering wheel design was changed to one from the Dodge Dakota and Dodge Durango. Bluetooth U Connect was now available as an option, and a front facelift was given to all Ram models. SIRIUS Satellite Radio was available, as well was a rear seat DVDentertainment system with wireless headphones. The SRT model, with the 8.3LV10 engine from the Dodge Viper SRT/10, was discontinued after the 2006 model year.
Chassis Cab[edit]
In 2007, a 3500 Chassis Cab model was introduced with industry standard rear frame width and wiring to accommodate outfitters. In addition to the 5.7 L (345 cu in), a Cummins 6.7 L (408 cu in) diesel rated at 350 hp (260 kW) and 650 lb·ft (880 N·m) was also available. Automatic Transmissions used were the545RFE with the 5.7 L (345 cu in) the AS68RC with the 6.7 L (408 cu in). The G56 transmission was the only manual transmission offered.
For 2008, Dodge introduced two more Chassis Cab models, the 4500 and 5500. These were Class 4 and Class 5 trucks with a Gross Weight of 16,500 lb (7,500 kg) and 19,500 lb (8,800 kg), respectively. Both trucks came equipped with the same version of the Cummins 6.7 L (408 cu in) diesel as the 3500 chassis cab model. Sterling, who worked with Dodge in development, had their own version called the Sterling Bullet with a unique grille. Sterling is a division of Freightliner LLC which, like Dodge, was owned by the former Daimler Chrysler. Sterling Truckswas licensed to sell Dodge Ram 4500 series trucks as the Sterling Bullet. When the Sterling brand was phased out by Chrysler Corporation, the Bullet was discontinued.
Engines[edit]
| Model | Years | Engine | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1500 | 2002–2008 | 3.7 L (226 cu in) PowerTech V6 | 215 hp (160 kW)[1] | 235 lb·ft (319 N·m)[1] |
| 2002–2007 | 4.7 L (287 cu in) PowerTech V8 | 235 hp (175 kW)[1] | 295 lb·ft (400 N·m)[1] | |
| 2008 | 4.7 L (287 cu in) PowerTech V8 | 310 hp (230 kW) | 330 lb·ft (450 N·m) | |
| 2002–2003 | 5.9 L (360 cu in) Magnum V8 | 245 hp (183 kW)[1] | 335 lb·ft (454 N·m)[1] | |
| 2003–2008 | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8 | 345 hp (257 kW)[1] | 375 lb·ft (508 N·m)[1] | |
| 2500/3500 | 2003–2008 | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8 | 345 hp (257 kW) | 375 lb·ft (508 N·m) |
| 2009 | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8 | 388 hp (289 kW)[1] | 404 lb·ft (548 N·m) | |
| 2003–2004 SO | 5.9 L (360 cu in) Cummins diesel I6 | 250 hp (190 kW) | 460 lb·ft (620 N·m) | |
| 2003–2004 SO California Emissions | 5.9 L (360 cu in) Cummins diesel I6 | 235 hp (175 kW) | 460 lb·ft (620 N·m) | |
| 2003–2004 HO | 5.9 L (360 cu in) Cummins diesel I6 | 305 hp (227 kW) | 555 lb·ft (752 N·m) | |
| 2004.5–2007 | 5.9 L (360 cu in) Cummins diesel I6 | 325 hp (242 kW) | 610 lb·ft (830 N·m) | |
| 2007.5–2009 | 6.7 L (408 cu in) Cummins diesel I6 | 350 hp (260 kW) | 650 lb·ft (880 N·m) | |
| 2003 | 8.0 L (488 cu in) Magnum V10 | 310 hp (230 kW) | 450 lb·ft (610 N·m) | |
| Chassis Cab | 2007–2008 | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8(3500 Only) | 345 hp (257 kW) | 375 lb·ft (508 N·m) |
| 2009 | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8(3500 Only) | 388 hp (289 kW)[1] | 404 lb·ft (548 N·m) | |
| 2007–2009 | 6.7 L (408 cu in) Cummins diesel I6 | 305 hp (227 kW) | 610 lb·ft (830 N·m) | |
| SRT-10 | 2004–2006 | 8.3 L (505 cu in) Viper V10 | 510 hp (380 kW) | 535 lb·ft (725 N·m) |
Models built after January 1, 2007 offered a new 6.7L Cummins Turbo Diesel introduced as an option in 2500/3500 models replacing the 5.9L. It produced 350 hp (260 kW) and 650 lb·ft (881 N·m). Unlike the 5.9L which was backed by the 4-speed 48RE Transmission, the 6.7L was equipped with the new 6-speed 68RFE transmission.
2005 was the last year for the first version of the 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8. 2006 half-ton models offered the Multi-Displacement System Hemi V8 engine that also became available in Chrysler and Dodge sedans. This engine featured the same performance but had a cylinder-deactivating feature enabled under light loads to increase fuel economy by 3 MPG city and 4 MPG hwy. This new Hemi still delivered 345 hp (257 kW) and 375 lb·ft (508 N·m).
Axles[edit]
For the 2003 model year, AAM axles replaced the Dana Corp axles. In the front all 2500 and 3500 trucks got the 9.25" with 33 spline axles. The rear options for the 2500 and 3500 were the AAM (often referred to as "corporate") 10.5" and 11.5". Rear axle shafts are 30 spline. The rear 11.5" has a gear ratio "carrier split" at 3.73 and numerically higher, but the General Motors AAM axles used a different carrier spacing preventing installation of a Chrysler carrier into some GM axles, but the GM carrier can be installed in the Chrysler axle if a ring gear spacer is installed. Strength is similar to their earlier Dana 70 and 80 counterparts. Direct comparisons are difficult as the axles are made with completely different metallurgy.
2009–present (DS/DJ)[edit]
| Fourth generation | |
|---|---|
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| Overview | |
| Also called | Ram 1500 (2010–present) Ram 2500/3500 (2010–present) |
| Model years | 2009–present |
| Assembly | Warren, Michigan (Warren Truck Assembly) Saltillo, Mexico (Saltillo Truck Assembly) |
| Designer | Ryan Nagode, Scott Krugger (2006)[8] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-Door Regular Cab 4-Door Quad-Cab 4-Door Crew-Cab 4-Door Mega-Cab Dually |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 3.7 L (226 cu in) PowerTech V6 3.6 L (220 cu in) Pentastar V6 4.7 L (287 cu in) PowerTech V8 3.0 L (183 cu in) Eco-Diesel V6 5.7 L (345 cu in) HEMI V8 6.4 L (392 cu in) HEMI V8 6.7 L (408 cu in) Cummins Turbo-DieselI6 |
| Transmission | 4-speed 45RFE automatic[9] 5-speed 545RFE automatic 6-speed 66RFE automatic 6-speed 68RFE automatic 6-speed G56 manual 8-speed 845RE automatic (2013–)[10] 6-speed Aisin AS68RC automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase |
4500/5500 Crew Cab MWB: 197.2 in (5,010 mm)
Reg. Cab Long Bed & Quad Cab: 140 in (3556 mm)4500/5500 Regular Cab Ext. LWB: 204.3 in (5,190 mm) 4500/5500 Regular Cab LWB: 192.3 in (4,880 mm) Reg. Cab Short Bed: 120 in (3048 mm) 2WD 2500 Crew Cab SWB: 149.4 in (3,790 mm) 4WD 2500 Crew Cab SWB: 148.9 in (3,780 mm) 2500 Crew Cab LWB 2WD: 169.4 in (4,300 mm) 2500 Crew Cab LWB 4WD: 168.9 in (4,290 mm) Regular Cab 2500 : 140.5 in (3,570 mm) 3500 Regular Chassis Cab: 143.4 in (3,640 mm) 3500 Regular Cab LWB: 167.4 in (4,250 mm) 3500 Crew Cab: 172.3 in (4,380 mm) 4500 & 5500 Regular Cab LWB: 144.3 in (3,670 mm) 4500/5500 Regular Cab MWB: 168.3 in (4,270 mm) 4500/5500 Crew Cab SWB: 173.3 in (4,400 mm) |
| Length | 4500/5500 Crew Cab MWB: 287.0 in (7,290 mm) 4500/5500 Crew Cab SWB: 263.0 in (6,680 mm) 4500/5500 Regular Cab Ext. LWB: 294.1 in (7,470 mm) 4500/5500 Regular Cab LWB: 282.1 in (7,170 mm) Crew Cab 3500: 259.4 in (6,590 mm) 2500 LWB Crew Cab: Regular Cab: 209.0 in (5,310 mm) Extended Cab: 226.9 in (5,760 mm) Quad Cab: 229.0 in (5,820 mm) Crew Cab: 227.5 in (5,780 mm) 2500 Crew Cab SWB: 237.4 in (6,030 mm) 2500 Crew Cab LWB: 259.4 in (6,590 mm) Regular Cab 2500: 231.0 in (5,870 mm) 3500 Chassis Cab: 234.1 in (5,950 mm) 3500 Regular Cab LWB: 258.1 in (6,560 mm) 3500 Crew Cab & 4500/5500 Regular Cabs: 263.0 in (6,680 mm) 4500/5500 Regular Cab: 234.1 in (5,950 mm) |
| Width | 2,017 mm (79.4 in) Heavy Duty Crew Cab, 4500, 5500 & 3500: 79.1 in (2,010 mm) Heavy Duty Regular Cab: 78.9 in (2,000 mm) |
| Height | 73.3-73.9 (1500 4x2) 74.1-74.8 (1500 4x4) 73.3-73.7 (2500 4x2) 75.7-77.7 (2500 4x4) 78.0-78.8 (3500) 79.8-80.6 in (4500/5500) |
The fourth generation Dodge Ram was introduced at the 2008 North American International Auto Show in Detroit.[11] This latest generation was sold as the 2009 Dodge Ram 1500 starting in Fall 2008. The 2500, 3500, 4500 and 5500 models were later added to the lineup. In 2009, the Ram Trucks brand was separated from Dodge.
Chrysler LLC attempted to keep the Ram competitive in the market through various developments for the 2009 model, including a new four-door cab style offering, new suspension, a new hemi engine option, and the Rambox, a new storage system that allows secure storage inside the truck’s bed walls. Later models have the Rambox system tied in with the remote keyless system[12]
Class exclusive manual transmission[edit]
Since 2011, Ram trucks are marketed as having "class-exclusive" manual transmissions. This is simply because the competitors stopped using manual transmissions. Chevrolet Silverado trucks discontinued the option of a manual transmission after model year 2006. Ford Super Duty trucks discontinued the option of a manual transmission after model year 2010. This applies to Class 2,Class 3, Class 4 and Class 5 trucks. 2011 and 2012 models make 350 horsepower and 610 lb-ft of torque. Horsepower remained the same for 2013 models, torque however was increased to 660 lb-ft of torque. Engine output remained the same for 2014 models.
Cab options[edit]
The Mega Cab option will be deleted, at least on the 1500 series, replaced by a true four-door crew cab.[13] Other cab options are regular cab and quad cab. The mega cab option remains on the 2500/3500 models.
Handling[edit]
A coil spring 5 link rear suspension replaces the leaf-springs for the 1500 model, a move to improve ride quality and handling. The payload capacities have not been negatively affected despite the massive change in suspension, but still trail those of the newer Ford F-150, Chevrolet Silverado 1500 and GMC Sierra 1500.
Payload capacities[edit]
The 2009 model's towing capacity was originally rated 9,100 lb (4,100 kg) for 2WD Ram 1500 with regular cab, long-bed, 5.7L HEMI engine, 3.92 differential and 17-inch wheels, but the rating increased to 10,450 lb (4,740 kg) without changing the setup.[14] For the 2010 model, payload was increased by 50 lb (23 kg) to 1,900 lb (860 kg) for the regular cab 2WD model with the 3.7L V-6 engine.[15]
Towing capacity for the regular cab Ram 1500 with 3.21 differential is rated at 6,100 lb (2,800 kg) with 17-inch wheels and 5,900 lb (2,700 kg) with 19-inch wheels. Crew Cab and Quad Cab models are rated at 5,700 lb (2,600 kg) and 5,800 lb (2,600 kg) respectively.
Gross Combined Weight Ratings is 11,000 lb (5,000 kg) for all Ram 1500s with 3.21 axles; max 15,500 lb (7,000 kg) for 2WD Ram 1500 with long bed, 5.7L HEMI engine, and a 3.92 differential.
Heavy Duty Chassis Cabs[edit]
Chassis Cab versions were made for the Ram 3500, 4500, and 5500 models. The 3500 Heavy Duty model was unveiled at the 2009 Chicago Auto Show.[16]
Engine choices include 5.7L HEMI V-8 rated 383 bhp (286 kW)@5600 rpm and 542 N·m (400 lb·ft)@4000 rpm for Ram 3500, 6.7L Cummins turbo diesel rated 350 bhp (260 kW)@3013 rpm and 880 N·m (650 lb·ft)@1500 rpm for Ram 3500 (optional), 4500, 5500. Late model 2011 diesel trucks were uprated to 800 lb·ft (1,085 N·m) of torque.
Transmission choices include a standard 6-speed manual or optional 6-speed Aisin automatic. Both transmissions support the Power Take Off option.
The 3500 model has regular or crew cab, single-rear-wheel or dual-rear-wheel. Four cab-axle lengths (60, 84, 108 and 120 inches) for 4500/5500 or two cab-axle lengths (60 and 84 inches) for 3500, and three trim levels (ST, SLT and Laramie).
The Ram 3500 has three axle ratios (3.42, 3.73 and 4.10) and 17-inch wheels. Ram 4500/5500 has three axle ratios (4.10, 4.44 and 4.88) and 19.5-inch wheels. The 4500/5500 Rams rear axle is a Dana S 110. The front axle on 4x4 models is manufactured by Magna, while 2-wheel-drive models just have a solid, non-drive axle.
Concept truck[edit]
The Ram concept truck "Long Hauler" is based mostly on existing Ram truck parts. The [powertrain], frame and wheels are all components of the Ram 5500 Chassis Cab. Its a "Mega Cab" optional on the lighter Rams. The GCWR for this truck is 37,500 lbs and the weight of the truck is 9,300 lbs.[17]
Safety[edit]
The Ram comes standard with four-wheel anti-lock disc brakes, side curtain airbags, and an electronic stability program or ESP. In Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) crash tests, the Ram received a Good overall score in the frontal crash test, and a Marginal score in the side impact test,[18] as well as the roof strength test.[19]
It received a 5-star frontal crash test rating from the NHTSA,[20] however under later testing methods it received an overall 3-star rating.[21] In the side pole test it was given a single star rating, because of excessive forces to the thoracic region. While the Ram 1500 features standard side curtain airbags it does not includeside torso airbags.
2013 changes[edit]
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The 1500 gets a minor restyling. It features new front fascia, wheels and interior. All models offered for 2012 continue to be available for 2013 (Tradesman, Express, SLT, Big Horn, Lone Star, Sport, R/T, Laramie, and Laramie Longhorn). The Rambox cargo management system continues to be available on most models for 2013. For 2013, the base ST model becomes the Tradesman model. 2013 models have revised engine and transmission options. The PowerTech 3.7L V6 is discontinuted, and the PowerTech 4.7L V8 equipped with the 6-speed 65RFE Automatic takes its place as the new base engine, still producing 310 bhp (230 kW) and 330 lb·ft (450 N·m). New to the lineup is Chrysler's corporate 3.6L Pentastar V6, coupled to the new ZF 8-speed Torqueflite8 Automatic. It achieves best in class fuel efficiency and makes 305 bhp (227 kW) and 269 lb·ft (365 N·m). The Pentastar/ZF 8-speed is a $1000 option (2013). Due to a new electric power steering system, the 5.7L HEMI V8 no longer has a power steering pump, and gains 5 horsepower, now making 395 bhp (295 kW) and 407 lb·ft (552 N·m). It is still available with the 65RFE 6-speed Automatic, having the new 8-speed Torqueflite8 Automatic as an extra cost option. Air suspension is a $1595 option for 2013 models, offering four ride height settings. Electronic stability control becomes standard on 2500 & 3500 models.
3500[edit]
2013 models just up to an 18 inch standard wheel, with 18 inch forged Alcoa wheels as an option (300.00 USD). 3500 models offer a High Output package for $2650.00 USD over the standard diesel package. The rear differential ring gear is increased from 11.5 inches, to 11.8 inches on H.O. trucks. The 11.8 axle cover is also a heat sink.
4x4[edit]
Ram, once again, put the Center axle disconnect in 3500 4x4 models. 2500 Ram trucks didn't have a CAD system until 2014 models. Ram claims this technology to improve fuel efficiency by 1 MPG, although EPA tests bar class 2 and class 3 trucks from MPG/fuel efficiency tests. The 4x4 saw additional changes with the transfer case now being made by BorgWarner instead of New Venture Gear.
High Fuel Efficiency[edit]
A new model offered for the 2013 Ram is known as the HFE (High Fuel Efficiency). Based on the SLT model, the HFE offers 18/25MPG out of its Pentastar V6 engine and eight-speed Torque-Flite transmission. Although the transmission has nothing in common with the original Chrysler built TorqueFlite. It is available only in the six-foot bed, two-door, regular cab model with two-wheel-drive only. A4x4 model is not offered in this model, nor is a Quad Cab or Crew Cab model. Standard features include a 220 amp alternator and a 800 amp battery to assist with the Start-stop system. 3.21:1 axle gearing is also standard.
2014 changes[edit]
The option of air suspension became available on the rear of 2014 model year 2500 & 3500 pick up trucks. 1500 models added the option of a Eco-Diesel V6. 2500 models now feature coil spring suspension, instead of leaf spring. The cast iron, flex fuel, 4.7 V8 Chrysler PowerTech engine is discontinued, ending PowerTech engine production. The aluminum, flex fuel 3.6 V6 Pentastar is now the base engine, along with the eight-speed Torque-Flitetransmission.
Production[edit]
The Dodge Ram 1500, Dodge Ram Mega Cab, Dodge Ram 2500/3500, DX Chassis Cab (Mexico Market), Dodge Ram 4500/5500 are built in Chrysler's Saltillo Assembly Plant in Coahuila, Mexico; the Dodge Ram 1500 and Dodge Dakota are built at the Warren Truck Assembly Plant in Warren, Michigan.[22] The Ram 1500 was also assembled at the Saint Louis Assembly plant in Fenton, Missouri before the plant was permanently closed in July 2009.[23]
Engines[edit]
| Model | Years | Engine | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1500 | 2013– | 3.6 L (220 cu in) Pentastar V6 | 305 hp (227 kW) | 269 lb·ft (365 N·m) |
| 2009–2012 | 3.7 L (226 cu in) PowerTech V6 | 215 hp (160 kW) | 235 lb·ft (319 N·m) | |
| 2009–2013 | 4.7 L (287 cu in) PowerTech V8 | 310 hp (230 kW) | 330 lb·ft (450 N·m) | |
| 2009–2012 | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8 | 390 hp (290 kW) | 407 lb·ft (552 N·m) | |
| 2013– | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8 | 395 hp (295 kW) | 410 lb·ft (560 N·m) | |
| 2014– | 3.0 L (182 cu in) VM Motori A 630 DOHC V6 Diesel | 250 hp (190 kW) | 440 lb·ft (600 N·m) | |
| 2500/3500 | 2010–present | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8 | 383 hp (286 kW) | 400 lb·ft (540 N·m) |
| 2010–2012 | 6.7 L (408 cu in)Cummins diesel I6 (6-Speed Manual/Automatic) | 350 hp (260 kW) | 650 lb·ft (880 N·m) | |
| 2011.5–2012 | 6.7 L (408 cu in)Cummins diesel I6 (High Output 6-Speed Automatic) | 350 hp (260 kW) | 800 lb·ft (1,100 N·m) | |
| 2013– | 6.7 L (408 cu in)Cummins diesel I6 (6-Speed Manual) | 350 hp (260 kW) | 660 lb·ft (890 N·m) | |
| 2013– | 6.7 L (408 cu in)Cummins diesel I6 (68RFE 6-Speed Automatic) | 370 hp (280 kW) | 800 lb·ft (1,100 N·m) | |
| 2013– | 6.7 L (408 cu in)Cummins diesel I6 (Aisin ASC69RC Automatic) | 385 hp (287 kW) | 850 lb·ft (1,150 N·m) | |
| 2014– | 6.4 L (392 cu in) Hemi V8 | 410 hp (310 kW) | 429 lb·ft (582 N·m) | |
| Chassis Cab | 2010–present | 5.7 L (345 cu in) Hemi V8 (3500 Only) | 383 hp (286 kW) | 400 lb·ft (540 N·m) |
| 2010–2012 | 6.7 L (408 cu in)Cummins diesel I6 | 305 hp (227 kW) | 610 lb·ft (830 N·m) | |
| 2013– | 6.7 L (408 cu in)Cummins diesel I6 (6-Speed Manual) | 320 hp (240 kW) | 650 lb·ft (880 N·m) | |
| 2013– | 6.7 L (408 cu in)Cummins diesel I6 (Aisin AS69RC Automatic) | 325 hp (242 kW) | 750 lb·ft (1,020 N·m) |
Plug-in hybrid[edit]
A two-mode hybrid version was planned to begin production in 2010, but Chrysler decided to cancel it in favor of a smaller test fleet of 140 plug-in hybrid (PHEV) Rams developed with support from a US$48 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy financed through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. The Chrysler PHEV pickup project has an estimated total cost ofUS$97.4 million.[24][25] The RAM 1500 pickup PHEV was introduced at the January 2011 Washington Auto Show. The vehicle is part of a three-year demonstration program intended to field test and evaluate battery performance across a wide range of drive cycles and temperature ambients, and also to evaluate customer acceptance.[26] The PHEV demonstrator pick-up trucks are assembled at theWarren Truck Assembly plant in Michigan and the plug-in hybrid conversion takes place at the Chrysler Technology Center in Auburn Hills, Michigan. The demonstrators are being allocated for field testing among local and state governments, utility companies, and a U.S. Army base.[27] Chrysler has no plans for a production version.[28]
The Ram 1500 PHEV demonstrator has a 345 hp 5.7L Hemi V8 gasoline engine mated to a two-mode hybrid transmission and a 12.9 kWh 355V lithium-ion battery from Electrovaya. This setup allows an all-electric range of more than 20 miles (32 km), but as a blended plug-in hybrid, the RAM PHEV does not run exclusively all-electric during EV mode. The fully charged plug-in starts off with charge depletion with limited regeneration at the high end of the state of charge (SoC). That ramps up to a full regenerative capability somewhere in the 70 to 95% range and depletes down to about 20%. Once depleted, it comes into a narrowcharge-sustaining range.[24][26][27] The plug-in pick-up meets AT-PZEV emissions standards, making it the only full-size V8 pickup with an AT-PZEV rating. Its fuel economy in charge-depleting mode is more than 32 mpg-US (7.4 L/100 km; 38 mpg-imp) in city driving.[24][27] The Ram 1500 PHEV is capable of towing up to 6,000 lb (2,700 kg).[27]
The first 20 Ram PHEV demonstrators were delivered in May 2011 to Clark County, Nevadaand Yuma, Arizona, with 10 units each city.[24] Other cities that received the demonstration PHEVs are San Francisco andSacramento, California, Albany, New York, and Charlotte, North Carolina. In September 2011, another 10 units were delivered to theMassachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA). Another 5 units will be delivered to Central Hudson Gas & Electric and National Grid.[28] DTE Energy in Detroit is scheduled to receive 10 Ram PHEVs.[29]
- Fire incident
In September 2012 Chrysler temporarily suspended the demonstration program. All 109 Dodge Ram 1500 Plug-in Hybrids and 23Chrysler Town & Country plug-in hybrids deployed by the program were recalled due to damage sustained by three separate pickup trucks when their 12.9 kWh battery packs overheated. The carmaker plans to upgrade the battery packs with cells that use a different lithium-ion chemistry before the vehicles go back into service. Chrysler explained that no one was injured from any of the incidents, and the vehicles were not occupied at the time, nor any of the minivans were involved in any incident, but they were withdrawn as a precaution. The demonstration is a program jointly funded by Chrysler and the U.S. Department of Energy that includes the first-ever factory-produced vehicles capable of reverse power flow. The experimental system would allow fleet operators to use their plug-in hybrids to supply electricity for a building during a power outage, reduce power usage when electric rates are high or even sell electricity back to their utility company.[30][31] The company reported that the demonstration fleet had collectively accumulated 1.3 million miles (2.1 million km) before the vehicles were recalled. Chrysler also reported that the plug-in pickups delivered peak average fuel economy of 37.4 mpg-US (6.29 L/100 km; 44.9 mpg-imp), while the plug-in hybrid minivans delivered 55.0 mpg-US (4.28 L/100 km; 66.1 mpg-imp).[30]
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