The Volvo S40 is a small family car produced by the Swedish manufacturer Volvo Cars since 1995. The first generation introduced the S40 (S from saloon) and V40(V from versatility, estate) cars in 1995. The second generation of the car was released in 2004, whilst the estate variant's name was changed to V50. Furthermore, a coupé and convertible version was marketed as the C70.
The range was replaced by the new Volvo V40 five-door hatchback in 2012.
| Volvo S40 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Volvo Cars |
| Production | 1995–2012 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Small family car |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive or four-wheel-drive[nb 1] |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Volvo 440/460 |
| Successor | Volvo V40 |
First generation (1995–2004)[edit]
| First generation | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Overview | |
| Production | 1995–2004 |
| Assembly | Born, Netherlands (NedCar) Rayong, Thailand Pretoria, South Africa Shah Alam, Malaysia |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door sedan (S40) 5-door estate (V40) |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive |
| Related | Mitsubishi Carisma Proton Waja |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 1.6 L I4 (petrol) 1.8 L I4 (petrol) 1.9 L I4 (petrol) 1.9 L turbo I4 (diesel) 2.0 L I4 (petrol) 2.0 L turbo I4 (petrol)[nb 2] |
| Transmission | 5-speed manual 4-speed automatic 5-speed automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,550 mm (100.4 in) (2000–01) 2,557 mm (100.7 in) (2002–04) |
| Length | 4,470 mm (176.0 in) (2000–01) 4,521 mm (178.0 in) (2002–04) |
| Width | 1,720 mm (67.7 in) (2000–01) 1,717 mm (67.6 in) (2002–04) |
| Height | 1,410 mm (55.5 in) (2000–01) 1,423 mm (56.0 in) (2002–04, S40) 1,426 mm (56.1 in) (2002–04, V40) |
In the summer of 1995 Volvo released the S4/F4 series but had to change the model's name as it conflicted with Audi who had already reserved the "S4" name[citation needed]. The quickly renamed S40 saloon (sedan) and V40 (Ferrari objected to F40) estate (station wagon), manufactured at the NedCarfactory in the Netherlands (a pre-Ford joint venture between Volvo andMitsubishi Motors) and based on a common platform with the Mitsubishi Carisma. The V40, with Drag coefficientof 0.32,[1] was the first whole model to be introduced under the direction of the British designer Peter Horbury, Volvo’s Design Director, [1] and was marketed in Australia, North and South America, and the Far East.[1] The V40 was named the ‘Most Beautiful Estate Car in the World’ at an Italian award ceremony.[1]
In 2000 Volvo updated the 40 Series ("Phase II"),[2] implementing a number of technical improvements, e.g., improved engine management, direct (diesel) fuel injection, extra safety features, larger brake discs, new front suspension and steering, revised rear suspension, larger tires and a widening of the track width. A minor facelift gave larger headlights, more streamlining and larger rear light clusters as well as minor instruments and fascia re-design.
The 40 Series cars were equipped with four-cylinder engines, such as a 1.9 turbo diesel or 1.6 (1588 cc), 1.8 (1731 cc, later increased to 1783cc), 2.0T (1948 cc), 1.9 T4 (1855 cc, later increased to 1948cc) or 2.0 (1948 cc) fuel-injected gasoline engines all of which are derivatives of the modular whiteblock engine series that started life in the Volvo 960 and carried in both 5 and 6 cyl formats in Volvo's bigger FWD cars. There was also a 1.8 L (1834 cc) Gasoline direct injectionengine provided by Mitsubishi as part of the platform sharing between the 40 series and the Carisma.
The Volvo S40/V40 series was a completely new car from the ground up, with no engines, with the exception of the 1.9 Turbo Diesel engine carried over from the old 400 series.
The low (2.0T) and high (1.9 T4) pressure turbo variants were positioned at the top of the motor range. The 2.0T was rounded down and badged as 1.9T and was the only engine available in North America. The 5 speed manual transmission, widely available in Europe was not certified in North American S40s, with the 5 Speed automatic as the only option. No electric CVT transmission was planned unlike the 440 HTA / High Tech Auto CVT that had been released before the 400 series was completely phased out.
In the United Kingdom, trim levels were S, XS, SE and CD. Later on, trim levels offered were supplemented with SE Lux and Sport Lux trim designations. A limited edition 'Xi' trim level was also offered for a short run on Phase 1 and Phase 1.5 cars, often painted yellow with black-bezel headlamps.
A racing version (S40) was introduced in the British Touring Car Championship in 1997 and in 1998 the car, with Rickard Rydell, took the championship. It was also used in the Swedish Touring Car Championship.
Due to the common platform, many components of the suspension and drive train are compatible with Carisma as well as theMitsubishi Lancer Evolution III, and Proton Waja.[citation needed]
The Volvo S40 was the first car to earn four stars in Euro-NCAP.
Engine specifications[edit]
| Specification | S40 1.6 | S40 1.8 | S40 2.0 | S40 T4 | S40 2.0 turbo | S40 1.8i | S40 1.9D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engine | B4164 S (16V) | B4184 S (16V) | B4204 S (16V) | B4194 T (16V) | B4204 T (16V) | B4184 SM (16V) | D4192 T |
| Power (kW/PS)@rpm | (77/105)@5500 | (85/115)@5500 | (103/140)@6000 | (147/200)@5500 | (118/160)@5100 | (92/125)@5500 | (66/90)@4250 |
| Torque @rpm | 143 N·m (105 lb·ft) @4200 | 165 N·m (122 lb·ft) @4100 | 183 N·m (135 lb·ft) @4500 | 300 N·m (220 lb·ft) @2400-3600 | 230 N·m (170 lb·ft) @1800-4800 | 174 N·m (128 lb·ft) @3750 | 176 N·m (130 lb·ft) @2250 |
Sales[edit]
| Calendar year | United States[3] | Canada |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 29,862 | 1,682 |
| 2001 | 22,451 | 1,735 |
| 2002 | 15,383 | 1,454 |
| 2003 | 13,058 | 1,195 |
| 2004 | 4,726 | 279 |
Second generation (2004–2012)[edit]
| Second generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Production | 2004–2012 |
| Assembly | Ghent, Belgium (Ghent Factory) Pretoria, South Africa Shah Alam, Malaysia Chongqing, China[4] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-door sedan (S40) 5-door estate (V50) 2-door coupé convertible (C70) |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive or four-wheel-drive |
| Platform | Volvo P1 platform |
| Related | Mazda3 Ford Focus Volvo C30 Volvo C70 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 1.6 L I4 (petrol) 2.0 L I4 (petrol/ethanol) 2.5 L turbo I5 (petrol) 1.6 L I4 (diesel) 2.0 L I4 (diesel) 2.0 L I5 (diesel) 2.4 L I5 (diesel) |
| Transmission | 5-speed manual 6-speed manual 5-speed automatic (Geartronic) 6-speed automatic (Geartronic) |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,640 mm (103.9 in) |
| Length | 4,468 mm (175.9 in) (2004–05, S40) 4,475 mm (176.2 in) (2006–07, S40) 4,514 mm (177.7 in) (2004–07, V50) 4,483 mm (176.5 in) (2008–12, S40) 4,522 mm (178.0 in) (2008–12, V50) |
| Width | 1,770 mm (69.7 in) |
| Height | 1,452 mm (57.2 in) (S40, FWD) 1,470 mm (57.9 in) (S40, AWD) 1,457 mm (57.4 in) (V50) |
| Curb weight | 1,399–1,426 kg (3,080–3,140 lb) |
Introduced in the middle of the 2004 model year, the second generation S40 (known as the 2004.5 Volvo S40) introduced a new design based on the Volvo P1 platform built at the Volvo Cars factory in Ghent, Belgium. At the same time, the V40 was replaced by the V50 estate, also based on the P1 platform and built in Ghent. The S40 was nominated for the World Car of the Year award for 2005 and won theCanadian Car of the Year Best New Sport Compact award for 2005. It was also elected the South African Car of the Year for 2005 by the South African Guild of Motoring Journalists.
The chassis for this car and the majority of its components were developed by Volvo, however similar mechanical components can be found in the Mazda3 and the European Ford Focus.[5] The engine, a 2.5L 5 cylinder (B5254T3, and B5254S respectively for the turbo and naturally aspirated models) is the latest generation of Volvo's 5 cylinder engines. These inline fives have been continually developed by Volvo since the debut of the engine in the 850, in 1993. The top of the line S40 T5 AWD, as well as the 2.4 and 2.4i, powertrain is still made by Volvo. The transmission is developed with Getrag at Volvo's Koping Transmission Center in Sweden, and the AWD system bought from Haldex Traction of Sweden.
The S40 T5 (one of the several variants of the S40) features a 2.5 L (2521 cc) five-cylinder fuel-injected engine with a light-pressure turbocharger. The valvetrain hasfour valves per cylinder and is a DOHC design. The engine is transversely mounted at the front of the vehicle and drives the front wheels, as was with the first generation.
A new range of engines and transmissions has been introduced at the end of May 2010 (see "Engine specifications" below). In North America, however, the naturally aspirated 5-cylinder engine, all-wheel drive, and manual transmission were all dropped for the 2011 model year, leaving only the automatic, front-wheel drive T5 in base and R-Design trims.[6]
The 2011 model year was the last for the S40 and V50 in the United States and Canada.
Marketing[edit]
The Mystery of Dalarö was the title of a promotional campaign launched byVolvo in early 2004. It was considered an unusual way, at the time, to promote the launch of the new Volvo S40 using a documentary-style video approach. The 8 minutes long film was credited to fictitious Venezuelan filmmaker Carlos Soto; in reality, as was disclosed later, it was directed by Spike Jonze. It is set on 25 October 2003, where 32 people supposedly purchased a Volvo S40, at the same local Volvo dealership in Dalarö, a small village to the south-east of Stockholm.[7]In addition to this film, a 4 minute documentary-of-the-documentary calling into question the validity of the events was posted as Soto's "personal edit" on his alleged homepage.[8]
2008 facelift[edit]
The S40 was refreshed for 2008. Improvements include improved audio systems, increased storage space and new safety features like Emergency Brake Lights which flash rapidly during hard braking to alert traffic behind the car. The new S40 also comes with optional Active Bi-Xenon headlights which point the light beam in the direction of the road as it curves (standard in SE Lux models). There is also a camera which can be located on the side mirrors which alerts the driver of passing vehicles beside the car. The camera is optional on all models. This is given the name BLIS (Blind Spot Information System). Volvo released the 2.0 litre diesel Geartronic on the third week of February 2008 except in Ireland where it was released in the last week of May (due to delivery intervals).
The T5 engine received a performance increase of 9 hp (6.7 kW), giving an output of 227 hp (169 kW). The D5 engine became available with a manual gearbox offering 400 N·m (300 ft·lbf) of torque and an automatic transmission offering 350 N·m (260 ft·lbf) in the second half of 2007.
The 2009 model saw rear-end trunk lid changes, changing the badge from "VOLVO" to "V O L V O" with spaces between the letters and larger characters, as in the newer Volvo models.[9]
In 2010, the new, larger, circular Volvo logo appeared on the front grille.
Engine specifications (2011 model)[edit]
From the end of May 2010, a new range of engines is available for the so-called "2011 model".[10]
The range now includes three petrol engines (1.6, 2.0 and T5, the latter only available with front-wheel drive and automatic transmission), four Diesel engines (the existing DRIVe and the new D2, D3 and D4) and the 2.0F Flexible-fuel engine that can run either on normal petrol or E85, an ethanol-petrol mixture. The updated 2.0 and T5 and the new D2, D3 and D4 are compliant with the Euro 5emission standard (the rest are Euro 4-compliant), and the DRIVe includes a start-stop system for reduced fuel consumption and emissions.[11] New 6-speed gearboxes are used in the D2 (manual: B6 D2), D3 and D4 (manual: M66D, automatic: Aisin AWF21).[12]
| Specification | S40 1.6 | S40 2.0 | S40 T5 | S40 DRIVe | S40 D2 | S40 D3 (*) | S40 D4 | S40 2.0F FLEXIFUEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engine | Type | 4-cyl. | 4-cyl. | 5-cyl. Turbo | 4-cyl. Turbo | 4-cyl. Turbo | 5-cyl. Turbo | 5-cyl. Turbo | 4-cyl. |
| Fuel | Petrol | Petrol | Petrol | Diesel | Diesel | Diesel | Diesel | Petrol/E85 | |
| Valves | 16 | 16 | 20 | 16 | 8 | 20 | 20 | 16 | |
| cc | 1596 | 1999 | 2521 | 1560 | 1560 | 1984 | 1984 | 1999 | |
| Power | kW | 74 | 107 | 169 | 80 | 84 | 110 | 130 | 107 |
| PS | 100 | 145 | 230 | 109 | 115 | 150 | 177 | 145 | |
| @rpm | 6000 | 6000 | 5000 | 4000 | 3600 | 3500 | 3500 | 6000 | |
| Torque | Nm | 150 | 185 | 320 | 240 | 270 | 350 | 400 | 185 |
| @rpm | 4000 | 4500 | 1500-5000 | 1750 | 1750 | 1500-2750 | 1750-2750 | 4500 | |
| Transmission | manual | 5-speed | 5-speed | — | 5-speed | 6-speed | 6-speed | 6-speed | 5-speed |
| auto | — | — | 5-speed | — | — | 6-speed | 6-speed | — | |
| Top speed | manual | 185 km/h | 210 km/h | — | 190 km/h | 195 km/h | N/A (*) | 220 km/h | 210 km/h |
| auto | — | — | 235 km/h | — | — | N/A (*) | 215 km/h | — | |
| 0–100 km/h | manual | 11.9 s | 9.5 s | — | 11.4 s | 11.4 s | 9.5 s | 8.7 s | 9.5 s |
| auto | — | — | 6.8 s | — | — | 9.6 s | 8.8 s | — | |
| Fuel consumption l/100 km
(urban/extra-urban/combined)
| manual | 9.2/5.8/7.1 | 10.8/5.7/7.6 | — | 4.9/3.4/3.9 | 5.2/3.8/4.3 | 7.0/4.0/5.0 | 7.0/4.0/5.0 | 10.9/5.8/7.7 |
| auto | — | — | 13.5/6.5/9.0 | — | — | 7.6/4.5/5.6 | 7.6/4.5/5.6 | — | |
| CO2 emissions | manual | 169 g/km | 176 g/km | — | 104 g/km | 114 g/km | 134 g/km | 134 g/km | 183 g/km |
| auto | — | — | 211 g/km | — | — | 149 g/km | 149 g/km | — | |
(*) Available from September 2010
Sales[edit]
| Calendar year | United States[3] | Canada[13] | Sweden[14] | Global[15] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 19,522 | 1,269 | ||
| 2005 | 24,411 | 2,030 | ||
| 2006 | 24,729 | 1,431 | 3,705 | 72,329 |
| 2007 | 18,215 | 1,099 | 3,271 | 63,062 |
| 2008 | 9,686 | 683 | 2,036 | 48,950 |
| 2009 | 7,956 | 758 | 1,396 | 36,954 |
| 2010 | 5,623 | 818 | 1,182 | 31,688 |
| 2011 | 2,984 | 478 | 1,169 | 23,621[16] |
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