Thursday, December 12, 2013

Sheffield Shield Cricket

The Sheffield Shield is the domestic first-class cricket competition of Australia. The tournament is contested between teams from the six states of Australia. Prior to the Shield being established, a number of intercolonial matches were played. The Shield, donated by Lord Sheffield, was first contested during the 1892–93 season, between New South WalesSouth Australia and VictoriaQueensland was admitted for the 1926–27 season, Western Australia for the 1947–48 season and Tasmania for the 1977–78 season.
The competition is contested in a double-round robin format, with each team playing every other team in two home-and-away matches. Points are awarded based on wins, losses, draws and ties, with the top two teams playing a final at the end of the season. Regular matches last for four days; the final lasts for five days. New South Wales have won the most titles, with 45 overall.
Sheffield Shield
Sheffield Shield logo, 2011–12 season.jpg
Countries Australia
AdministratorCricket Australia
Formatfirst-class
First tournament1892–93
Tournament formatDouble round-robin, then final
Number of teams6
Current championTasmania
Most successfulNew South Wales (45 titles)
Most runsDarren Lehmann (South Australia)
13,635 runs
Most wicketsClarrie Grimmett (Victoria andSouth Australia)
513 wickets

History

In 1891–92 the Earl of Sheffield was in Australia as the promoter of the English team led by W. G. Grace. The tour included three Tests played in Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide.
At the conclusion of the tour, Lord Sheffield donated £150 to the New South Wales Cricket Association to fund a trophy for an annual tournament of intercolonial cricket in Australia. The three colonies of New South WalesVictoria and South Australia were already playing each other in ad hoc matches. The new tournament commenced in the summer of 1892/93, mandating home and away fixtures between each colony each season. The three teams competed for the Sheffield Shield, named after its benefactor. A Polish immigrant,Phillip Blashki, won the competition to design the trophy, a 43 x 30-inch (760 mm) silver shield.
The competition therefore commenced some 15 years after Australia's first Test match.

Sponsorship and name changes

In 1999, the Australian Cricket Board (now Cricket Australia) announced a four-year sponsorship deal which included renaming the Sheffield Shield to the Pura Milk Cup, then to the Pura Cup the following season. Pura is a brand name of National Foods, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Philippines-based San Miguel Corporation. The sponsorship increased total annual prize money to A$220,000, with the winners receiving A$75,000 and the runners up A$45,000.
Although the competition had previously been running with losses of several million dollars per annum, cricket traditionalists protested strongly, arguing against the encroaching wave of commercialism damaging the competition that had been running for over 100 years. The competition continued to be referred to by some fans as the "Shield" as force of habit, a subtle protest, or simply to differentiate it from the one-day domestic competition.
On 16 July 2008 it was announced that Weet-Bix would take over sponsorship of the competition from the start of the 2008–09 season, and that the name would revert to the "Sheffield Shield" or the "Sheffield Shield presented by Weet-Bix". Weet-bix is a cereal biscuit manufactured by Sanitarium Health Food Company.
In the 2011-12 season, Bupa took over the sponsorship for the competition.

Teams

Australia-coloured-locator.png
 Team name
(sponsored name)
Home ground[a]First seasonLast titleTitles
 New South Wales
(SpeedBlitz Blues)
Sydney Cricket Ground1892–932007–0845
 Queensland
(XXXX Gold Queensland Bulls)
Brisbane Cricket Ground1926–272011–127
 South Australia
(West End Redbacks)
Adelaide Oval1892–931995–9613
 Tasmania
(PKF Tasmanian Tigers)
Bellerive Oval1977–782012–133
 Victoria
(Commonwealth Bank Bushrangers)
Melbourne Cricket Ground1892–932009–1028
 Western Australia
(Alcohol. Think Again Warriors)
WACA Ground1947–481998–9915
a Each team has used several venues to host matches. For a full list, see list of cricket grounds in Australia.

Competition format

Each side has played each other both home and away every season with the following exceptions:
  • South Australia and Victoria played only once in 1901/02.
  • Queensland and South Australia played only once in 1926/27.
  • Western Australia played each team only once from their debut in 1946/47 until 1955/56 inclusive.
  • Tasmania played each team only once from their debut in 1977/78 until 1981/82 inclusive.
Where the teams played an unequal number of games, their final points were calculated on a pro-rata basis.
Matches were timeless (i.e. played to an outright result, weather and schedule permitting) up to 1926/27. A 4-day time limit has applied since 1927/28.
Since 1982/83, the top two teams after the 10 home and away rounds have met in a final. The team with the most points hosts the final against the second ranked team. The match is played at the home ground of the top ranked team, and they only need to draw/tie that match to win the title.

Points system

A number of different systems have been used over the years. Currently, points are awarded for each match during the home and away season according to the following table.
ResultPoints
A win (irrespective of the first innings result)6
A tie (irrespective of the first innings result)3
A first innings lead in a drawn or lost match2
A first innings tie in a drawn or lost match1
A loss on the first innings0
An outright loss after being behind on the first innings0
Abandoned or drawn matches with no first innings result0
  • Quotient (team's batting average divided by its bowling average) is used to separate teams which finish on an equal number of points.
  • Teams can be penalised points for failing to maintain an adequate over rate.

Previous systems

  • The original format was a nonsensical challenge system which would have meant that the winner of the last game of the season won the Shield, regardless of other results; the folly of such a system was soon identified and it was changed to a most-wins formula prior to the conclusion of the first season.
  • The quotient has been used as a tie-breaker for teams on equal points since 1893/94.
  • First innings points were introduced in 1932/33 and used until 1970/71.
  • Bonus points for first innings batting and bowling were used from 1971/72 to 1980/81 inclusive. During the first 100 (8-ball) overs of each side's first innings, a maximum of 10 batting bonus points could be attained. They were awarded for every 25 runs scored from 175 to 400 inclusive. A maximum of 5 bowling bonus points were available, initially upon capture of the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and last wickets. This was later changed to wickets 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 as batting teams often declared when 9 wickets down to deny the bowling side the additional bonus point.

Competition placings

Prior to the introduction of a Final in 1982/83, the team with most points after the home and away rounds was declared the winner. With the introduction of the Final, the top team hosts the second placed team in a five-day match. The visiting team must win the Final to win the championship; the home team wins the championship in the event of a tied or drawn Final. Further details including match scorecards are available at Cricinfo and the Cricket Archive.

1892/93 to 1914/15

  •  % – indicates tied for position
SeasonWinnerSecondThird
1892–93VictoriaSouth Australia %New South Wales %
1893–94South AustraliaNew South WalesVictoria
1894–95VictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South Wales
1895–96New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1896–97New South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoria
1897–98VictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South Wales
1898–99VictoriaNew South WalesSouth Australia
1899-00New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1900–01VictoriaNew South WalesSouth Australia
1901–02New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1902–03New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1903–04New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1904–05New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1905–06New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1906–07New South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoria
1907–08VictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South Wales
1908–09New South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoria
1909–10South AustraliaNew South WalesVictoria
1910–11New South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoria
1911–12New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1912–13South AustraliaNew South WalesVictoria
1913–14New South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoria
1914–15VictoriaNew South WalesSouth Australia

1915/16 to 1918/19

Not contested due to World War I

1919/20 to 1939/40

SeasonWinnerSecondThirdFourth
1919–20New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1920–21New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1921–22VictoriaNew South WalesSouth Australia
1922–23New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1923–24VictoriaNew South WalesSouth Australia
1924–25VictoriaNew South WalesSouth Australia
1925–26New South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1926–27South AustraliaVictoriaNew South WalesQueensland
1927–28VictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesQueensland
1928–29New South WalesVictoriaQueenslandSouth Australia
1929–30VictoriaNew South WalesSouth AustraliaQueensland
1930–31VictoriaNew South WalesQueenslandSouth Australia
1931–32New South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoriaQueensland
1932–33New South WalesVictoriaSouth AustraliaQueensland
1933–34VictoriaNew South WalesSouth AustraliaQueensland
1934–35VictoriaNew South WalesSouth AustraliaQueensland
1935–36South AustraliaNew South WalesVictoriaQueensland
1936–37VictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesQueensland
1937–38New South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoriaQueensland
1938–39South AustraliaVictoriaQueenslandNew South Wales
1939–40New South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoriaQueensland

1940/41 to 1945/46

Not contested due to World War II

1946/47 to 1981/82

SeasonWinnerSecondThirdFourthFifthSixth
1946–47VictoriaNew South WalesQueenslandSouth Australia
1947–48Western AustraliaNew South WalesSouth AustraliaQueenslandVictoria
1948–49New South WalesVictoriaSouth AustraliaQueenslandWestern Australia
1949–50New South WalesVictoriaWestern AustraliaQueenslandSouth Australia
1950–51VictoriaNew South WalesWestern AustraliaQueenslandSouth Australia
1951–52New South WalesVictoriaQueenslandSouth AustraliaWestern Australia
1952–53South AustraliaNew South WalesVictoriaWestern AustraliaQueensland
1953–54New South WalesVictoriaQueenslandSouth AustraliaWestern Australia
1954–55New South WalesVictoriaWestern AustraliaQueenslandSouth Australia
1955–56New South WalesVictoriaQueenslandWestern AustraliaSouth Australia
1956–57New South WalesQueenslandVictoriaWestern AustraliaSouth Australia
1957–58New South WalesVictoriaQueenslandWestern AustraliaSouth Australia
1958–59New South WalesQueenslandVictoriaWestern AustraliaSouth Australia
1959–60New South WalesVictoriaWestern AustraliaQueenslandSouth Australia
1960–61New South WalesVictoriaWestern AustraliaQueenslandSouth Australia
1961–62New South WalesQueenslandSouth AustraliaVictoriaWestern Australia
1962–63VictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesWestern AustraliaQueensland
1963–64South AustraliaVictoriaNew South WalesQueenslandWestern Australia
1964–65New South WalesVictoriaSouth AustraliaWestern AustraliaQueensland
1965–66New South WalesWestern AustraliaSouth AustraliaVictoriaQueensland
1966–67VictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesWestern AustraliaQueensland
1967–68Western AustraliaVictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesQueensland
1968–69South AustraliaWestern AustraliaQueenslandVictoriaNew South Wales
1969–70VictoriaWestern AustraliaNew South WalesSouth AustraliaQueensland
1970–71South AustraliaVictoriaWestern AustraliaNew South WalesQueensland
1971–72Western AustraliaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesVictoriaQueensland
1972–73Western AustraliaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesVictoriaQueensland
1973–74VictoriaQueenslandNew South WalesWestern AustraliaSouth Australia
1974–75Western AustraliaQueenslandVictoriaNew South WalesSouth Australia
1975–76South AustraliaQueenslandWestern AustraliaNew South WalesVictoria
1976–77Western AustraliaVictoriaQueenslandNew South WalesSouth Australia
1977–78Western AustraliaQueenslandVictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesTasmania
1978–79VictoriaWestern AustraliaNew South WalesQueenslandSouth AustraliaTasmania
1979–80VictoriaSouth AustraliaNew South WalesQueenslandWestern AustraliaTasmania
1980–81Western AustraliaNew South WalesQueenslandVictoriaTasmaniaSouth Australia
1981–82South AustraliaNew South WalesWestern AustraliaTasmaniaQueenslandVictoria

1982/83 to date

SeasonWinnerSecondThirdFourthFifthSixth
1982–83New South WalesWestern AustraliaSouth AustraliaTasmaniaQueenslandVictoria
1983–84Western AustraliaQueenslandTasmaniaNew South WalesSouth AustraliaVictoria
1984–85New South WalesQueenslandSouth AustraliaWestern AustraliaVictoriaTasmania
1985–86New South WalesQueenslandVictoriaWestern AustraliaSouth AustraliaTasmania
1986–87Western AustraliaVictoriaQueenslandSouth AustraliaNew South WalesTasmania
1987–88Western AustraliaQueenslandNew South WalesVictoriaSouth AustraliaTasmania
1988–89Western AustraliaSouth AustraliaQueenslandNew South WalesTasmaniaVictoria
1989–90New South WalesQueenslandSouth AustraliaTasmaniaWestern AustraliaVictoria
1990–91VictoriaNew South WalesQueenslandWestern AustraliaSouth AustraliaTasmania
1991–92Western AustraliaNew South WalesVictoriaQueenslandSouth AustraliaTasmania
1992–93New South WalesQueenslandWestern AustraliaSouth AustraliaTasmaniaVictoria
1993–94New South WalesTasmaniaWestern AustraliaVictoriaSouth AustraliaQueensland
1994–95QueenslandSouth AustraliaVictoriaWestern AustraliaNew South WalesTasmania
1995–96South AustraliaWestern AustraliaQueenslandTasmaniaNew South WalesVictoria
1996–97QueenslandWestern AustraliaNew South WalesTasmaniaVictoriaSouth Australia
1997–98Western AustraliaTasmaniaQueenslandNew South WalesVictoriaSouth Australia
1998–99Western AustraliaQueenslandVictoriaSouth AustraliaTasmaniaNew South Wales
1999-00QueenslandVictoriaWestern AustraliaSouth AustraliaTasmaniaNew South Wales
2000–01QueenslandVictoriaNew South WalesTasmaniaWestern AustraliaSouth Australia
2001–02QueenslandTasmaniaWestern AustraliaSouth AustraliaVictoriaNew South Wales
2002–03New South WalesQueenslandVictoriaSouth AustraliaWestern AustraliaTasmania
2003–04VictoriaQueenslandTasmaniaWestern AustraliaNew South WalesSouth Australia
2004–05New South WalesQueenslandWestern AustraliaVictoriaSouth AustraliaTasmania
2005–06QueenslandVictoriaSouth AustraliaTasmaniaWestern AustraliaNew South Wales
2006–07TasmaniaNew South WalesVictoriaQueenslandWestern AustraliaSouth Australia
2007–08New South WalesVictoriaWestern AustraliaTasmaniaSouth AustraliaQueensland
2008–09VictoriaQueenslandSouth AustraliaTasmaniaWestern AustraliaNew South Wales
2009–10VictoriaQueenslandNew South WalesWestern AustraliaTasmaniaSouth Australia
2010–11TasmaniaNew South WalesQueenslandWestern AustraliaVictoriaSouth Australia
2011–12QueenslandTasmaniaVictoriaWestern AustraliaNew South WalesSouth Australia
2012–13TasmaniaQueenslandNew South WalesVictoriaWestern AustraliaSouth Australia

Player of the year

The Player of the Year award is announced at the end of each season. Since its inception in 1976 it has been awarded to the best-performed player/s over the season, as determined a panel of judges. Victorian and South Australian batsman Matthew Elliott has won the award the most times, being awarded Player of the Year on three separate occasions.
SeasonWinner(s)
1975–76Ian Chappell (SA), Greg Chappell (QLD)
1976–77Richie Robinson (VIC)
1977–78David Ogilvie (QLD)
1978–79Peter Sleep (SA)
1979–80Ian Chappell (SA)
1980–81Greg Chappell (QLD)
1981–82Kepler Wessels (QLD)
1982–83Kim Hughes (WA)
1983–84Brian Davison (TAS), John Dyson (NSW)
1984–85David Boon (TAS)
1985–86Allan Border (QLD)
1986–87Craig McDermott (QLD)
1987–88Dirk Tazelaar (QLD), Mark Waugh (NSW)
1988–89Tim May (SA)
1989–90Mark Waugh (NSW)
1990–91Stuart Law (QLD)
1991–92Tony Dodemaide (VIC)
1992–93Jamie Siddons (SA)
1993–94Matthew Hayden (QLD)
1994–95Dean Jones (VIC)
1995–96Matthew Elliott (VIC)
1996–97Andy Bichel (QLD)
1997–98Dene Hills (TAS)
1998–99Matthew Elliott (VIC)
1999-00Darren Lehmann (SA)
2000–01Jamie Cox (TAS)
2001–02Brad Hodge (VIC), Jimmy Maher (QLD)
2002–03Clinton Perren (QLD)
2003–04Matthew Elliott (VIC)
2004–05Michael Bevan (TAS)
2005–06Andy Bichel (QLD)
2006–07Chris Rogers (WA)
2007–08Simon Katich (NSW)
2008–09Phillip Hughes (NSW)
2009–10Chris Hartley (QLD)
2010–11James Hopes (QLD)
2011–12Jackson Bird (Tas)
2012–13Ricky Ponting (Tas)

Records

Individual records

Most matches played

RankMatchesPlayerPeriod
1161Jamie Cox (TAS)1987–88 – 2005–06
2159John Inverarity (WA/SA)1962–63 – 1984–85
3147Darren Lehmann (SA/VIC)1987–88 – 2007–08
4146Jamie Siddons (VIC/SA)1984–85 – 1999-00
5142Stuart Law (QLD)1987–88 – 2003–04

Players representing three states

PlayerCareerStatesMatches
Graeme Watson1964-65 – 1976-77NSW, Vic, WA60
Gary Cosier1971-72 – 1980-81Vic, SA, Qld46
Trevor Chappell1972-73 – 1984-85NSW, SA, WA63
Rod McCurdy1980-81 – 1984-85SA, Tas, Vic33
Dirk Wellham1980-81 – 1991-92NSW, Qld, Tas99
Michael Bevan1989-90 – 2006-07SA, NSW, Tas118
Shane Watson2000-01 – 2009-10Tas, Qld, NSW81
Source: A Century of Summers: 100 years of Sheffield Shield cricket, Geoff Armstrong, p. 278. Last updated: 30 Nov 2008.

Team records

Team results

RankTeamEnteredMatchesWonLostDrawnTied % Won
1 New South Wales1892–93793337224231142.49
2 Victoria1892–93786302226257138.42
3 Western Australia1947–48557193172192034.64
4 Queensland1926–27678206232239130.38
5 South Australia1892–93779215356207127.59
6 Tasmania1977–7833179122130023.86
Win percentage now includes drawn matches.

Highest team totals

RankTotalTeamOpponentVenueSeason
11107 Victoria New South WalesMelbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne1926–27
2918 New South Wales South AustraliaSydney Cricket Ground, Sydney1900–01
3900-6d Queensland VictoriaBrisbane Cricket Ground, Brisbane2005–06
4821-7d South Australia QueenslandAdelaide Oval, Adelaide1939–40
5815 New South Wales VictoriaSydney Cricket Ground, Sydney1908–09

Lowest team totals

RankTotalTeamOpponentVenueSeason
127 South Australia New South WalesSydney Cricket Ground, Sydney1955–56
229 South Australia New South WalesSydney Cricket Ground, Sydney2004-05
331 Victoria New South WalesMelbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne1906–07
435 Victoria New South WalesSydney Cricket Ground, Sydney1926–27
541 Western Australia South AustraliaAdelaide Oval, Adelaide1989–90

Batting records

Highest individual scores

RankRunsPlayerMatchVenueSeason
1452*Don Bradman (NSW)New South Wales v QueenslandSydney Cricket Ground, Sydney1929–30
2437Bill Ponsford (VIC)Victoria v QueenslandMelbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne1927–28
3365*Clem Hill (SA)South Australia v New South WalesAdelaide Oval, Adalaide1900–01
4359Bob Simpson (NSW)New South Wales v QueenslandBrisbane Cricket Ground, Brisbane1963–64
5357Don Bradman (SA)South Australia v VictoriaMelbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne1935–36

Most career runs

RankRunsPlayerCareer
113,635 (266 inns.)Darren Lehmann (SA/VIC)1987–88 – 2007–08
210,821 (295 inns.)Jamie Cox (TAS)1987–88 – 2005–06
310,643 (259 inns.)Jamie Siddons (VIC/SA)1984–85 – 1999-00
410,621 (211 inns.)Michael Bevan (SA/NSW/TAS)1989–90 – 2006–07
510,474 (254 inns.)Brad Hodge (VIC)1993–94 – 2009–10

Most runs in a season

RankRunsPlayerAverageSeason
11,506 (17 inns.)Simon Katich (NSW)94.122007–08
21,464 (18 inns.)Michael Bevan (TAS)97.602004–05
31,381 (20 inns.)Matthew Elliott (VIC)81.232003–04
41,254 (18 inns.)Graham Yallop (VIC)69.661982–83
51,240 (20 inns.)Michael Bevan (NSW)82.661993–94

Highest batting averages

RankAveragePlayerCareer
1110.19 (96 inns.)Don Bradman (NSW/SA)1927–28 – 1948–49
283.27 (70 inns.)Bill Ponsford (VIC)1920–21 – 1933–34
370.88 (95 inns.)Alan Kippax (NSW)1918–19 – 1935–36
468.00 (81 inns.)Monty Noble (NSW)1893–94 – 1919–20
567.03 (64 inns.)Bill Woodfull (VIC)1921–22 – 1933–34
Qualification: 20 innings.

Most centuries

RankCenturiesPlayerMatches
145Darren Lehmann (SA/VIC)147
242Michael Bevan (SA/NSW/TAS)118
336Don Bradman (NSW/SA)62
432Matthew Elliott (VIC/SA)122
531Dean Jones (VIC)110

Bowling records

Most career wickets

RankWicketsPlayerMatchesAverage
1513Clarrie Grimmett (VIC/SA)7925.29
2441Michael Kasprowicz (QLD)10124.56
3430Andy Bichel (QLD)8923.24
4419Jo Angel (WA)10524.86
5384Terry Alderman (WA)9724.21

Most wickets in a season

RankWicketsPlayerMatchesSeason
167Colin Miller (TAS)111997–98
265Shaun Tait (SA)102004–05
360Chuck Fleetwood-Smith (VIC)61934–35
460Andy Bichel (QLD)112004–05
560Ben Hilfenhaus (TAS)112006–07

Best career average

RankAveragePlayerBallsWickets
117.10Bill O'Reilly (NSW)10,740203
217.74Joel Garner (SA)2,41955
317.87Geff Noblet (SA)11,156190
418.09Pat Crawford (NSW)2,51761
519.08CTB Turner (NSW)3,92073
Qualification: 2000 balls bowled.

Wicket-keeping records

Most dismissals

RankDismissalsPlayerMatches
1546 (499 c. 47 st.)Darren Berry (SA/VIC)139
2488 (474 c. 14 st.)Wade Seccombe (QLD)101
3351 (342 c. 9 st.)Chris Hartley (QLD)79
4350 (322 c. 28 st.)Tim Zoehrer (WA)107
5344 (311 c. 33 st.)Rod Marsh (WA)86

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